Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 16، number In Volume 8، November 2023 ، issue Number 90

Reflecting the fundamental human needs in the poems of Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi and Fereydon Moshiri, relying on William Glaser's choice theory

Fatemeh Bahar , Vajiheh Turkmani Barandozi (Author in Charge), Koros Karimpasandi , Ahmad Karimi

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Undoubtedly, the concern of every person in life is to reach the ideal world that he cultivates in his mind and to achieve it, he tries to remove its obstacles. Needs are among the obstacles that can be removed to achieve a desirable life. Therefore, this motivation will lead a person to know and satisfy his needs. William Glaser is one of the psychologists who presented a theory based on internal control, called the theory of choice, in which he proposed five basic human needs, which include: survival, love, power, freedom, and fun, and he believes that every behavior of humans Head is in the direction of satisfying these five needs. Considering the deep relationship between the rich Persian literature and psychology, it is possible to analyze and examine the authentic works of Persian literature based on the world"s popular theories. The purpose of this research is to examine the basic human needs in the poems of Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi and Fereydoun Moshiri, relying on Golsar"s selection theory. METHODOLOGY: The current research is a theoretical study that was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method, using the tool of sampling and referring to library sources. The studied community was the book of Ashke Maashuq, the collection of Hamidi Shirazi"s poems from the contemporary voice publishing house, and the reflection of Sobhdaman"s soul, the summaries of Fereydon Moshiri"s poems published by the Cheshme publication. FINDINGS: The study of the poems of Hamidi Shirazi and Moshiri shows that the need for love is expressed more than other needs in their poems. Evidence of the need for survival, power, freedom, and fun can also be seen in the poems of the two poets mentioned above, which shows their attention to satisfying these needs in humans. In Hamidi"s poem, according to the frankness of his speech, and what he himself has expressed about his love, it is concluded that addressing each of the needs and satisfying them often depended on his success in his romantic relationships; On the other hand, Moshiri goes beyond the poet"s personal ego in expressing his feelings and inner needs, and considers the satisfaction of every need necessary and appropriate for everyone. CONCLUSION: Hamidi Shirazi and Moshiri were under the influence of factors that had a direct relationship with their inner selves in the creation of their poems, and this caused the basic human needs to appear in their poems.

Keyword
basic needs , choice theory , Glaser , Hamidi Shirazi , fereydoun Moshiri

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