Omid MajdJournal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose (JSPPP) 3060-56603060-6136113920180410Journeys analysis of Attar’s Mantiq-ul-Tair: Response to two guestions about hoopoe’s fateتحلیل اسفاری مثنوی منطق الطیر عطار و پاسخ به دو سؤال در مورد سرنوشت هدهد در این داستان133150010.22034/bahareadab.2018.0enEhteramRezaeiAssistant Professor, Payam-e-Noor University, yese.rezaee@pnu.ac.irJournal Article00000000Fariduddin Attar’s Mantiq-ul-Tair is a symbolic work of spiritual pilgrimage. In its symbolic language, birds are symbols of the human different characteristics or different peoples of the society and Hoopoe is a symbol of the leader (Master), all of them are setting off to visit Simorgh (a symbol of the Creator). All stages passed by hoopoe and other birds are consistent to four journeys. This consistence helps us to reach to an acceptable conclusion about birds’ fate, especially hoopoe. In the story, hoopoe is leader. So it is expected that it is described as a brave and steady leader, but Attar has pictured it as a confused and restless one: The confused hoopoe, replete with waiting reached to pupolation in a restless manner (Mantiq-ul-Tair, Attar Neyshabouri, p 262) What is the reason for hoopoe’s confusion, restlessness and insistence on birds’ guiding and where is its origin? All along the story, the hoopoe’s guides help other birds to pass long and tremendous stages and reach to Simorgh’s court, the king of birds, after tolerating hard situations. But, Attar in the last pages of his masnavi, especially the final part of story, describes thirty helpless birds in the Simorgh’s court and explains their fates, without any cite of hoopoe. Where is hoopoe? What is its fate? This article compares Mantiq-ul-Tair figures (hoopoe and other birds) with four journeys theory, and therby answer to two proposed questions, while it study Attar’s viewpoint about the mystics’ way of conduct and attaining perfection.مراتبی را که پرندگان و هدهد در داستان رمزی منطق الطیر میگذرانند میتوان با اسفار اربعه تطبیق داد. این تطبیق کمک میکند در مورد شخصیت پرندگان و بخصوص هدهد و سرنوشت او به جمع بندی قابل قبولی دست یابیم.هدهد در طول داستان رهبری سفر را به عهده دارد؛ بنابراین توقع میرود تصویری که در آغاز داستان از او عرضه میشود مرشدی با شهامت، استوار و ثابت قدم باشد در حالیکه عطار هدهد راآشفته دل و بی قرار معرفی میکند:هدهد عطار نیشابوری, منطق الطیر, هدهد, اسفار اربعه عقلی و قلبیAttar Neyshabouri, Mantiq-ul-Tair, Hoopoe, the four spiritual and intellhttps://bahareadab.com/downloadPDF/8.pdfhttps://bahareadab.com/downloadPDF/8.pdfhttps://bahareadab.com/article/تحلیل اسفاری مثنوی منطق الطیر عطار و پاسخ به دو سؤال در مورد سرنوشت هدهد در این داستانhttps://bahareadab.com/en/article/Journeys analysis of Attar’s Mantiq-ul-Tair: Response to two guestions about hoopoe’s fate