Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 17، number In Volume 7، October 2024 ، issue Number 101

Personality psychology of Jamshid Khanian's stories based on Erikson's theory

Soheila Shahkarmi , Jamal Ahmadi (Author in Charge), Seyed Kihan Shohadaei , Majid Mohammadi

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Background and purpose: One of the important dimensions in psychology is the personality dimension of humans. Many theorists have studied in this field and presented many theories. One of these theorists is Erik Erikson. According to him, people"s personality develops widely and widely in social interaction at different stages, and at every stage of life and the formation of his personality, a person is placed in an accumulation of individual, social effort and special psychological orientation; Therefore, the theory of "eight stages of human life" has been drawn. Jamshid Khanian, playwright, critic and literary researcher and contemporary storyteller in the field of children and teenagers, has been very successful in the field of story characterization. For this reason, the authors of the present study try to analyze the characters of Jamshid Khanian"s story based on Erikson"s model.

METHODOLOGY: The method used is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies

FINDINGS: Examining the characters in Jamshid Khanian"s children"s and adolescent stories introduces us to the different layers of Erikson"s personality theory. All eight stages of Erikson"s theory have been seen in the characters of Jamshid Khanian"s children"s and adolescent stories, but the most frequent stage of development in Khanian"s works is the stage of adolescence and adulthood, where the sense of responsibility; strong feelings and emotions; desire to win and succeed; showing off and attracting the attention of others; Identity Crisis; Establishing close interpersonal relationships is one of the most obvious characteristics of the stage of adolescence and childbearing and raising the generation; acceptable; Giving importance to others and sometimes feeling inferior and ineffective is the most important feature of adulthood.

Examining Erikson"s theory on individuals Jamshid Khanian"s stories introduce us to the mental and psychological and even physical characteristics of different age groups, especially children and teenagers.

Jamshid Khanian has tried to present appropriate role models to children and teenagers with conscious characterization and play a significant role in the development of this age group.

CONCLUSION: Based on the obtained results, all eight stages of Erikson"s theory can be seen in the characters of Jamshid Khanian"s stories of children and teenagers, and studying his stories helps us to better understand and recognize the characteristics and spirits of the people in the story, especially children and teenagers.

Keyword
personality , psychology , Erikson's theory , children and youth stories , Jamshid Khanian.

• Allameh Falsafi, A. (2014). Psychology of personality disorders, Tehran: Parapsychology, p. 40.
• Atkinson, Rita . (2013), Hilgard's Psychological Context, translated by Mohammad Naghi Brahini et al., Tehran: Rushd, p. 702.
• Barak, L. (2013), Psychology of Development, translated by Yahya Seyed Mohammadi, Tehran: Arsbaran, p. 321.
• Crore, Charles S. and Shea, Michael F. (1996). Theories of personality, translated by Ahmed Razvani, Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi, 188-198.
• Feist, Jace and Feist, Gregory J. (2012). Personality theories, translated by Yahya Seyed Mohammadi, Tehran: Rovan, p. 345.
• hultz, Duane P. and Shultz, Seidman Ellen, (2011). Personality theories, translated by Seyyed Yahya Mohammadi, Tehran: Edited, p. 22
• Khanian, J. (2002). Kose Mahi, Tehran: Center for Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents, p. 16
• Khanian, J. (2005). Babur's beautiful heart, Tehran: Center for Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents, p. 18.
• Khanian, J. (2011). A pizza box for grilled trapeze, Tehran: Center for intellectual development of children and adolescents, pp. 63-64.
• Khanian, J. (2018). The Dwarf Emperor of the Land of Lilliput, Tehran: Afog, pp. 7-9
• Khanian, Jamshid. (2007). Nahi, Tehran: Center for intellectual development of children and adolescents, pp. 54-55.
• Lotfabadi, Hossein. (1987). "Erikson's theory about psycho-social development", Journal of Literary Essays, Winter, No. 78, pp. 725-766.
• Mansour, Mahmoud and Dadestan, Parirukh. (1995). Piaget's view on the scope of psychological development, Tehran: Ba'ath, p. 61
• Naimi, Z. (2009). "Bipolar system in literature and its victims", Jahan Kitab magazine, Aban and Azar, numbers 246 and 247, pp. 17-25.
• Ryckman, Richard, (2022). Personality theories, translated by Mehrdad Firozbakht, Tehran: Arsbaran, p. 191
• Saif, Susan and colleagues, (2015). Psychology of Development, Tehran: Samit, pp. 113-114.
• Santrak, J. (2018). The field of psychology, translated by Mehrdad Firozbakht, Tehran: Rushd, p. 201.
• Shamlou, S. (2004). Schools and theories in personality psychology, Tehran: Rushd, pp. 80-81.